Which of the following best describes titration?

• A. A procedure of neutralizing an unknown solution with a reagent of a known quantity
• B. A method of measuring pH with a calibrated probe
• C. A process of separating a mixture by filtration
• D. An oxidation-reduction titration used for metals

Answer: (A)

Titration is a quantitative method where a solution of known concentration is added to determine the concentration of an unknown by reaction until the endpoint is reached. This approach hinges on adding a titrant with a known amount to the unknown solution and using the amount added to calculate the unknown concentration, often by neutralizing an acid and base or other reactive pairs. That description best captures the purpose and method of titration, which is why it fits the given option. It isn’t simply measuring pH with a calibrated probe, nor is it filtration, which is a separation technique; and while redox titration is a type of titration, the general concept centers on determining an unknown by reacting it with a known-concentration reagent to reach the endpoint.